Immunization is one of the rights that must be ensured by the government. Therefore, the immunization program is one of the priority health programs and is included in the five-year National Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN). According to the Riskesdas 2018, the percentage of children receiving complete immunization has decreased to 57.9%, compared to 59.2% in the Riskesdas 2013.

Indonesia has developed a strategy for the immunization program following global guidance in the form of a comprehensive Multi-Year Plan (cMYP) since 2007. However, the World Health Organization, along with relevant partners, has developed a new strategic framework for the immunization program called the National Immunization Strategy (NIS) 2015-2029. NIS aligns with the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030), emphasizing the role of immunization in strengthening Primary Health Care and focusing on program integration to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC).

NIS 2025-2029 focuses on efforts to increase immunization coverage and program effectiveness with a targeted costing approach. NIS 2025-2029 follows structured stages and involves intensive participation from immunization program stakeholders in Indonesia, especially in setting goals, targets, and monitoring implementation.

NIS is conducted by CHEPS UI in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and World Health Organization to prepare, develop, and disseminate the Indonesia National Immunization Strategy (NIS) 2025‐2029 that is in line with the global and regional framework and to secure national agreement and commitment to this NIS. NIS has three phases (preparation, development, and finalization) and seven stages consist of preparation, situational analysis, strategy development, monitoring and evaluation framework, resource estimates, budget, approval and endorsement, and dissemination. The development of NIS is expected to be completed in 2024. The outcomes are: (1) establishment of a well‐structured, feasible, and costed NIS 2025‐2029; (2) Dissemination of NIS 2025 – 2029; (3) Improve immunization coverage rates across the population, ensuring immunity gap is closed particularly in vulnerable and disadvantage population, to reduce morbidity and mortality due to vaccine‐preventable diseases